The Independent National Electoral Commission is established in accordance with Article 74(1) of the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania of 1977. Subject to the provisions of Articles 74(7) and (11) of the Constitution and Section 6(1) of the Independent National Electoral Commission Act No. 2 of 2024, the Commission is an independent and autonomous body and makes its own decisions regarding the performance of its functions by meetings. In carrying out its constitutional functions, the Commission shall not be bound by the orders or instructions of any person or any department of the Government or the views of any political party. In 1991, the former President of the United Republic of Tanzania, the late Ali Hassan Mwinyi, appointed a Commission under the Chairmanship of the late Chief Justice (Retd) Francis Nyalali. The purpose of the Commission was to gather public opinion on whether to continue with a single-party system or a multi-party system. Based on the report of the Commission, Article 3(1) of the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania of 1977 was amended to make Tanzania a multi-party state. In 2021, a Stakeholders’ Meeting was held to Discuss the State of Democracy of Multiple Political Parties in Tanzania. Among other things, the meeting came out with a resolution to improve the electoral system in the country. Thus, on December 23, 2021, the President of the United Republic of Tanzania, His Excellency Dr. Samia Suluhu Hassan, formed a task force to assess the state of democracy in order to make recommendations to improve democratic issues and the political situation in the country.
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